Bone Gap by Laura Ruby

I loved this book, whilst pitched at the YA market it's definitely one of those for adults too. Magical realism is one of my favourite genres so I was probably always going to enthuse, but I really feel Laura Ruby's done a great job here. I won't be encouraging my 11 year old to read it yet though. I think the themes may be a little over his head, and I want this book to have an impact on him, so I'll save it for when he's a little older. I am definitely not going to tell you the story as it will spoil it entirely, as the way the story unfolds is part of its charm. Whilst containing the elusive quality of a fairytale, it also deals with the terrible dilemmas faced by modern teenagers. To conform to sexist patriarchal expectations or not? To take things at face value, or look beneath the surface?
The trauma of being kidnapped is dealt with sensitively and Laura Ruby has created a strong heroine in Roza. The male protagonist Finn is also well-rounded and empathetic. I also adore that the author's love for the natural world oozes off the page, her writing is so evocative,  I felt the sway of the corn and the buzz of the bees. If any of you have older teenagers, thrust a copy of this under their nose. They won't end up complaining.

To find out more about Laura's books, visit her homepage here:

Laura Ruby - Official Site

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Dirty Bertie by Alan MacDonald and David Roberts.

If your child isn't keen on reading, the prospect of reading about pants, poo, worms, bogeys and all manner of gross stuff that kids love, might be enough to tip the balance. One of my kids didn't pick up a book for pleasure until he was seven.
It's tough for him, he lives in a house with four bibliophiles, and can't understand why we all take such pleasure in reading. In his mind, this in an activity that's tough, not something to relax with. However, he'll make an exception for Roald Dahl and Dirty Bertie. I nearly cried when I went into his room to turn off his light and found him in bed reading a Dirty Bertie by himself.
Dirty Bertie is a boy full of disgusting habit's and fun, much like most children that age, and what's more, Alan MacDonald has written loads of these books.
If you're interested in the whole series, you can find more information here: www.dirtybertiebooks.co.uk
On the front page of the website is a charming stinky sounds game where you can drag and drop sounds onto a score to create a pongy soundtrack, it's totally gross, but kids just love it.

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Once Upon a Star

Once Upon a Star by James Carter and Mar Hernandez calls itself 'a poetic journey through space' and I love it.

A picture book written in narrative verse, all about how the universe formed and our world came to be? Beautiful artwork and eye-pleasing graphics? The Big Bang in a book for pre-schoolers? Awesome.

It's the illustrations that made me buy this book. I've always had a real thing for non-fiction artwork and am so happy that recent years have seen so many beautiful and educational books make it onto the shelves.

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'My name is Leon' by Kit de Waal

'My name is Leon' is a wonderful story about a nine year old mixed-race child in the foster care system. It should be required reading for anyone who is thinking of fostering or supporting families who foster. We enter Leon's world as he's struggling to come to terms with his identity and almost unbearable loss.
   I think the novel was marketed at adults, but it's definitely suitable for YA as it's written from the viewpoint of the child, so it's an easy read. That's from a language viewpoint, it's not an emotionally easy read. Okay, I admit, I became so caught up in the story because I have a child just a little younger than Leon, and I kept thinking of him, but Kit de Waal is really skilled. I read the book in one sitting, which in my house is a tough ask. I had to retire to the bath half-way through to avoid the kids.

I wanted to adopt Leon myself. In fact I actually went as far as googling whether I have the required attributes for a foster carer!  (I decided no, at this point in my life, my preschooler is too demanding, but when my kid's are older, and I have more emotional availability, maybe).

I loved that this novel was set in the 80's. It reminded me of the Britain I grew up in. I was 10 during the second Handsworth riots and I was raised in the West Midlands. I still remember the sense of shock and disgust in my house-hold. My parents had both been members of the police-force and they were horrified that race riots were happening in Britain, and distressed by what is meant about our society (and also I suspect, thanking their lucky stars that they were no longer serving officers). I'd wondered about how to talk about riots in Britain to my children and I think this book would be a lovely way to open up a conversation about them. So on many levels, I'd have no hesitation recommending this story to older children - not least because it nicely dovetails with my mission to encourage them to reflect on historical events, as well as developing their compassion by allowing them to walk alongside a child who is bewildered by the process of foster care.

You can find out more here:

kit-dewaal

It's only in the last few years that I've determinedly sought out stories that aren't utterly middle class and/or eurocentric. I hadn't reflected on just how culturally biased the literary canon was. I made a determined effort to read the literature of every culture I visited and remain fascinated by my exposure to amazing stories that I'd no idea even existed. Kit de Waal grew up in working class Birmingham. I hope she has a long and varied career. We need more story-tellers that speak for every section of our culture.

Her new book has just hit the stores. ('The Trick to Time') I've not read it yet, but I'd love it if someone who has could comment and let me know if it's just as touching. But don't tell me the whole story. I hate spoilers.

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Girl on a Plane By Miriam Mos

Based on the true story of a hijacking, this YA novel describes the reactions of a fifteen year old girl  travelling on her own when her flight is boarded by Palestinian guerrillas.
The book is a nice easy read for young adults. In fact, it was a set text for my eldest child at 11,  which technically falls into middle grade. I have no hesitation recommending it for children from year 7 upwards. Children will be able to relate to the characters, though at times I wondered if the author put too much of her adult self into the child, an understandable choice when it's autobiographical.

Whilst this book is based on an event from the 70's, terrorism is a current issue for our children today.
Reading about how other children have coped when terror visited their lives provides a safe way for children to work through how they might cope if something difficult happened to them. The drama of the plot, and the constant threat of the plane exploding, keeps the pages turning. I'm also impressed with the marketing savvy of the title though I'm sure that'll go over most kid's heads.

(and okay... I'll admit it, because the book is based on a hijacking that happened back in 1970, it's also a sneaky way to get the kids reading about some world history.)

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Re-reading treasured favourites

We've all been there. Reading the same material over and over to obsessed children. And it's always the book that bores, us, or has rubbish illustrations, or in some way drives you up the wall. When they are young, we tolerate it but as they age there seems to be a collective disgust at children 'not moving on'.

A current report into what kids are reading suggests that children are consistently reading below their reading age when they reach senior school.  This is not because they are incapable, but because they like to return to old and familiar favourites. So the boy in senior school who excelled at primary is often found to be reading books he loved back then. Instead of moving on to the classics as encouraged by his English teachers, he's rereading Kinney and Walliams.

This kind of thing encourages panic in well meaning parents and educators. We could all do with a healthy dose of chill-axing. We spend years encouraging children to read for pleasure and for relaxation, and when they finally do - they are given a hard time about it!

The time to worry is when children stop reading. Rereading is good for children and induces a sense of security. Instead of telling them off we should praise them. They've chosen to read in their down-time. They've all the time in the world to read difficult literature (a whole adult lifetime) but childhood is short, and the pleasure to be found in escaping into worlds created by greats like Roald Dahl, all too brief.

If you want to see the full report follow this link new report .

(The title picture from this blog is the one my four year old is currently demanding nightly. It's great, but don't read it after a heavy dinner, as it may make you queasy.)

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Pinterest for Writers

I thought I would post some of my favourite writing tools here. One of my top 10 is Pinterest. For the uninitiated, it's basically an online cork board where you can pin images and articles that take your fancy. You can choose if you want to share your boards with others, a select few, or keep them private.

I use Pinterest for my setting research and have one for all of my novels (as well as every room of my house). You can either search Pinterest itself for images you like, find pictures via Google or wherever and add them yourself, or pick from the recommendations based on your viewing history (my current recs are a combination of beautiful staircases, educational activities for kids and - bizarrely - sexy clowns). It's really simple and a great way of gathering images and bookmarking research articles all in one place.

In a previous post, I mentioned a book I wrote inspired by Ballard's A Drowned World. This is a Pinterest board I made when imagining the setting, plus there's a screenshot below.

As an aside, Pinterest have introduced a newish tool in which you can take a smartphone picture of anything and it will find you similar images online. I just tested in on my cat and found his doppelgängers from around the world. It will probably prove more useful in other, yet to be discovered, ways.

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Flooded Cities and Future Worlds

Climate change is redrawing the map of the world. When UN climate change experts met up at the end of last year, it was to discuss a new three-degree future in which rising sea-levels will wipe numerous cities from existence. So today's writing inspiration is of the flooded city variety, courtesy of some 1960s' science fiction and our shortsighted habit of polluting our poor planet.

J.G.Ballard's A Drowned World is one of my favourite books. Considering he wrote it back in 1962, it is scarily prophetic when it comes to the sweltering tropics of what used to be London, turned into a watery wasteland populated by reptiles and giant insects.

"Already many of the surrounding buildings had disappeared beneath the proliferating vegetation. Huge club mosses and calamites blotted out the white rectangular faces, shading the lizards in their window lairs. Beyond the lagoon, the endless tides of silt had begun to accumulate into enormous glittering banks, here and there overtopping the shoreline like the immense tippings of some distant goldmine."

It both scares and humbles me to imagine that Ballard's vision may, one day, come true. Our current global climate change interventions had aimed at keeping global warming to a toasty 2C above pre-industrial levels. Only, the latest projections suggest we are on track for a 3.2C and that means a whole lot of water will be coming our way thanks to melting ice-caps. The areas at risk of flooding are currently home to 275 million people, most of them living in Asia.

Projections by Surging Seas show how the coastal regions of the world are likely to change. Large areas of London are among those at risk, in scenes reminiscent of A Drowned World.

A 3-degree increase in global temperature will see much of London flooded

A few years back, artists were asked to imagine what London could look like in 2100. Some of the scenarios they envisioned saw landmarks half-submerged, turning London into a city reminiscent of Venice.

There's more on the three-degree world in this Guardian article here.

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And here's some book recommendations featuring flooded cities. I will add to the list if anyone wants to comment below with their favourites.

The Drowned World by J.G.Ballard follows just a couple of characters as they regress through the aeons as nature reclaims an abandoned London. “The trouble with you people is that you've been here for thirty million years and your perspectives are all wrong. You miss so much of the transitory beauty of life,” says one of the characters.

New York 2140 by Kim Stanley Robinson features a flooded version of New York, so I had to include it on the list (even if the level of the sea level rise is a bit extreme). The bad guy here is capitalism and parts of Manhattan are nicknamed SuperVenice, which is brilliant.

Exodus by Julie Bertagna is the first YA on my list. Rising sea levels, a sky city and the Netherworld—a flooded Glasgow cast in shadow by the sky city overhead. My last novel featured a similar shadowy undercity, so finding this book was both exciting and distressing that there are no new ideas. 

Floodland by Marcus Sedgwick is a middle grade novel set in a flooded version of England in which Norwich is now an island and the main character has misplaced their parents.

The Sea and Summer by George Turner has been compared to The Drowned World with its watery vision of the future. It was Sci-Fi back when it was written; now it feels more like a warning.

Odds Against Tomorrow by Nathaniel Rich has great cover art and a lot of maths, plus it manages to be funny in the face of a city's annihilation. (I'm in the process of reading this one, and love it so far).

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Glamorous Decay as a Lifestyle

Interesting read for writer types: The fantasy of the writer's lifestyle

I do love the whole glamorous decay trope when it comes to writing, both on and off the page. Sadly, I know of no one whose writer's lifestyle in anyway matches up with an Anthropologie catalogue. Maybe I need to remind myself that it's possible to be a 'real writer' even if you don't feel like one.

I liked this quote from the article:

There is no writer’s lifestyle; your lifestyle is determined by what that other work is. I’m baffled when I come across interviews where writers laughingly allude to the solitude, say, or the introspection of the novelist’s life. No matter how solitary or introspective you are while you’re writing novels, you are likely spending many more hours each week at another job, or commuting, or raising kids, or trying to keep your house clean.

Anyway, somewhat fittingly, I had to run off to collect my daughter half way through writing this. Now that I am back, I thought I would share these Anthropologie mugs as a potential gift for the writer in your life:

And their books and stationary section isn't half-bad either. 

(p.s. I'm just sharing products I like here, not trying to trick you into clicking on affiliate links). 

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The Aeronaut's Windlass

Best selling Author Jim Butcher has turned his hand to YA. The Aeronaut's Windlass is dominated by  superb female characters, and he's ventured into the steam punk genre. Who would have thought? This book is gripping from start to finish.
If you like Jim Butcher (I'll admit I'm a fan of his adult series Dresden files), or you love steam punk, you are going to love this. It's a change from his usual style using the 3rd person narrative but that gives him lots of scope new possibilities as a writer. Soar through the air on a exhilarating ride!
Best of all, once you fall in love with the characters you don't have to leave them forever. This is only the first in the 'Cinder Spires' series.

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Call to Abandon the Diagnosis of all Mental Health Problems

The release of the Power Threat and Meaning Framework in January 2018 was momentous. Hmm, I hear you responding. Why should I get excited about about the release of a new Psychological framework?

Okay, I’ll admit most psychological models won’t have the majority of the public jumping in the aisles but the implications of this one are profound. It calls for the complete and immediate abandonment of diagnosing mental health problems. Yep. You read that correctly. Sound’s like they’ve lost the plot right? I promise all my blogs won't be as heavy as this one, but I have to be serious sometimes! To understand where this model is coming from, I’ll need to do a little contextual explaining. Please bear with me.

In 1955, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published. For the first time Doctors could categorise the ‘symptoms’ their patients were experiencing into illnesses with their own names. Back then, many of these symptoms were labelled ‘reactions’ or psychotic reactions, i.e. there was an acknowledgement that these ‘symptoms’ were in response to something that had happened to people. We’ve lost that connection nowadays. Nowadays you’re just sick. There’s something wrong with you if you’ve been diagnosed with a mental health problem. Not only that, but some diagnoses such schizophrenia have also acquired the reputation of dangerousness. Psychologists have always had a problem with this. Lots of our models are on continuums, that is, people vary in where there are on a scale of any given trait. People move up and down multiple scales over the course of a lifetime. In no other field are human beings considered simple. But that’s what the diagnosing of mental illness attempts to do. Simplify human experience down to presence or absence of a disease. It’s categorical - you’re sick or you're not.

This leaves those of us who work for the NHS with a problem. I suspect most practitioners accept that diagnoses are not perfect, and see them as a useful shorthand to describe what is going on for people. They choose to ignore how much damage this labelling people as ‘other’ is doing to both people as individuals and to society. All of society’s ills cannot be cured by medics, if we label reactions to incredibly difficult life experiences as illness then we cause a situation when we expect precisely that. It’s not a coincidence that Britain is issuing more prescriptions for depression than ever before in it’s history. The more the illness model is entrenched the more demand there will be on the NHS.

Throughout my career I’ve struggled with this. As a clinical psychologist I was trained by the NHS for the NHS, and I have to work within this imperfect system. It’s all very well for psychology and our social work colleagues to grumble about labelling, but if we are not offering an viable alternative, then we are just seen as fluffy or ‘unscientific’, (both of which I have been called when arguing against diagnosis.) For the first time we now have an alternative. The power threat and meaning framework offers a new way to view ‘symptoms’. They are seen as intelligible responses to our previous experience. This means mental health professionals should never be asking ‘What is wrong with you?’ but rather ‘What has happened to you?’

The Global Mental Health Movement are exporting a diagnostic model across our planet. In theory, I would support their cause. Alleviating the suffering of those in distress is a noble aim. Unfortunately, they are offering treatment based on diagnosis as the only way to help people with emotional troubles. The cultural difficulties with this are immense, for example shamans regularly hear voices and are feted for it. The very people who have been revered in their culture for generations are being told they are sick as they hear things other people don’t. How can educated people not see how absurd this is?

I was lucky enough to be at the friends Meeting House in London for the official unveiling of this framework. Surrounded by representatives from Psychology, experts by experience (those who have suffered the ignominy of being labelled with a diagnosis) and other mental health professionals. Everyone I spoke to threw themselves behind this model. That is not the norm for a conference. I did not hear one word of dissent. The model is new, it needs a lot of tweaking but the effort to bring together research from so many different fields is only to be admired. It was a privilege to be in a room with filled with such hope. It’s an uphill battle, taking on society, but everyone was up for it!

If you’re not convinced that diagnosis is a strange way to go about things reflect on this. If you were gay forty odd years back you would have been given a diagnosis by DSM. You were sick, deviant and needed to be made well again. This clearly demonstrates that the construct of illness and disorder, ‘mental’ or otherwise is purely a social one. Shifts in the concept and nature of disorder reflect wider social, political and economic forces more than scientific advancement. And don’t get me started on Asperger’s. That doesn’t even exist as a diagnosis anymore, confusing individuals, their families and society alike. How can a person ‘have’ something one day, and it be abolished the next?

It’s time we all started rejecting this powerful story of individual weakness/deficit and medical illness. If you take a moment to think about this, really think, you’ll see that there are massive numbers of vested interests which serve to preserve the medical illness model. Not only personal interests but family, organisational, professional, community, economic, and political.

The whole of society is contributing to maintain this fiction. For too long, these interests have deprived people of a socially shared framework which they can use to make sense of their own experiences. It’s time for change.

If you are interested in reading more about power threat and meaning, you can access the link to the British Psychological Societies Division of Clinical Psychology below:

You can read the full Power Threat Meaning Framework here, or a shorter overview.

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Is it Okay?

I often get asked my opinion as a psychologist on suitable literature for children. Most things are okay. There are very few topics that are taboo. You can be sure that if it's in the children's or YA section, there will have been a lot of thought put in as to why, by the publisher.

It's no coincidence that one of the most popular European Fairy tales introduces us to a wolf that eats grandmothers and little girls. Kids love to be frightened in their imagination. They understand the difference between a story and real life.

I would be avidly glued to Dr. Who as a child, and only rarely have to hide behind the sofa. However, I had a recurring nightmare about a minotaur that I'd seen in a cartoon, that was pitched at an audience much younger than Dr. Who. I had to sleep with the light on for weeks because of that dratted minotaur. It's impossible to predict just what your child might find scary. Obviously, I've chosen never read anything about minotaurs to mine but one of them was terrified by a Dr. Who episode that was the least scary one I'd ever seen! It's no good censoring literature for frighteners, because you'd end up binning the lot. One child's Pennywise, is another child's favourite cuddly toy.

So, allow them to read to their hearts content, but be sensible. Age ratings and warnings are there for a reason. Take note of them, and if your kids tell you they've found something scary, talk to them about it. It's often through facing their fears that they are able to understand them.
Thinking about it, maybe I should be reading about Minotaurs myself.

One of my friends told me that she would never let her children read about anything with sexual abuse in. I believe this is totally wrong. If topics are off limits, you end up with a culture of secrecy. Of course, some literature aimed at grown-ups will be inappropriate but there are some lovely books aimed at very young children that deal with this topic.

A particular favourite is 'Mousie' a picture book written by a clinical psychologist who experienced abuse herself. I've read it to my children without any hesitation. It was originally written as a support to help those children who practitioners suspect may have been abused, but personally, I feel it should have a wider audience. Children should be always be encouraged to talk about anything that is bothering them.

If you are interested in reading this story you can follow this link: Visit Amazon's Khadj Rouf Page

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Little People, BIG DREAMS

If I’m entirely honest, I bought these books for myself. Little People, BIG DREAMS is a series of books about inspirational women from history. They’re beautifully illustrated and written in simple but truthful language, and tell the stories of amazing, full lives, all of which left a lasting mark on the world.

I can remember when I was maybe six or seven, being obsessed with a series of non-fiction books on the various English monarchs. I think it was something to do with them being real people, living real lives, rather than the sentient animals or mischievous children who populated the majority of my reading material.

But even then, I was well-aware that most of my beloved monarchs were men. In fact, most of the big players in history tended to be of the male persuasion—if the history books are to be believed. In 2015, Slate surveyed 614 US popular history titles to reveal that 76% were written by men, mostly about men. The UK is (at least, it was in 2015) apparently much the same. Serious history, serious men, war, politics, Nazis, grrrrr, men. (Slate link here).

Thankfully, recent years have seen more interest in social and cultural history, and women are getting more of a look-in. But "uncle books", as the Slate article calls them, still seem to dominate, if the tables at Waterstones are anything to go by.

So since having a daughter, I’ve been working on diversity—be it gender, race, lifestyle, opinion, etc.—in our kids’ non-fiction book collection. When my daughter starts reading for herself, my hope is that she’ll be surrounded by books about all manner of different people and she’ll not think to herself ‘hmmm, why was it only men who got to do meaningful stuff?’.

Except…at three-and-a-half, she already loves the Little People, BIG DREAMS books, maybe for the same reasons I loved those monarchs, who knows? What I do know is that she engages with the stories far more than any of the children’s books she owns—to the point that she’s drawn extra pages for the books depicting some of the scenes which the writers chose to not dwell on. Poor Pierre Curie being run over by a horse and cart, for example (this would be darker if she hadn’t included an ambulance to save him, thus triggering a whole alternative timeline that may well change the world as we know it).

We love the Marie Curie, Emmeline Pankhurst, Maya Angelou, and Frida Kahlo books. We still need to buy Amelia Earhart, Coco Chanel, Agatha Christie, Rosa Parks, and Audrey Hepburn. It shouldn’t feel transgressive to buy a series of books featuring only women, but for me it still does—which is why I think we need books like this in the first place.

Check out the fonts and design - so pretty!

And while we're at it, these Little FEMINIST cards are beautiful, even if my preschooler does insist on rolling in them rather than playing Snap.

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Women in Science Day. February 11th. Who knew?

I've always been a total sucker for a celebration. Any excuse to make a day more exciting for the kids and I'm there. This half-term we will be proudly flipping pancakes, throwing around love hearts and transitioning to the Year of the Dog. Now it seems, I get a whole new one. Not sure how I missed this the last couple of years but I've made sure to sure to foist a new celebration on my kids today.  We've been conducting various experiments whilst learning about some of our female greats... If you're interested in finding out more, why not look here: http://womeninscienceday.org

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Gender Imbalance in Children's books

Back in 2011, A female professor reviewed over 6,000 children's books published from 1900-2000, and found a massive gender imbalance. Many more books had male characters than female ones. By 1990 this discrepancy was shrinking, but in the case of animal protagonists the gap was still huge. If you're an author writing about animals stars, you are still far more likely to make that animal male. In this way, children are inadvertently encouraged to accept the invisibility/importance of women and a patriarchal gender system is reinforced. It's worth thinking about when we write. Hmm.. I'm guiltily remembering my male spider, in my last book.

More importantly though, it's not just those who star in books that matter but how females are represented when they do appear. Here, I can heave a huge sigh of relief. There's lots of great modern literature in which the Princesses rescue themselves, thank you very much (or even rescue the hapless Prince). There are books in which Dad is the homemaker, and can be found ironing, cooking and up to all sorts of domestic duties. Search them out people!

Kat is giving us a helping hand by reviewing children's books that tell us stories of great women. Make sure you check out her blogs.

It's apposite to talk about this today, as (just in case you've missed all the media coverage,) it's been a hundred years since women obtained the right to vote in Britain (6.2.1918). And okay, it wasn't all of them but it was getting there...

A lot has changed since then. I've been lucky enough to have been born in a country and an era when I can have as many kids as I want, and have whatever career I want. But there is still a long way to go to achieve true equality. All of us have a responsibility to help every human being have the same rights as any other. As writers, we are in a perfect position to address imbalance, and as readers we can ensure we think carefully about what inadvertent messages our bookshelves might convey to our children.

And for all those out there who have a violent hatred of 'social justice warriors' (you know who you are) I'm not suggesting you throw away all the brilliant literature you may have that isn't PC in 2018. Censoring literature that was of its time and culture will only draw us closer to newspeak. I'm simply suggesting you make sure that isn't the only thing your children are exposed to.

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Psychologist Tips to Encourage Reluctant Readers

One of my children has a specific language impairment. Watching him read is painful. He's never been able to relax, and the level of concentration required is about as much as it would take me to understand a page of calculations in an astrophysicists notebook. Worse, he lives with a family of bibliophiles. All of us love it, or more to the point find it EASY. He loves stories too, and always has done, he just finds the act of getting them from the page to his head laborious. I've thought long and hard about how to encourage him, and looked at other's recommendations. Here's a list of tips that I've found helpful. I hope at least one strikes a cord with your reluctant readers.

Make it fun
Right from the moment you decide to read together, make the thought of books exciting. If you're lucky enough to have lots of books to read in your house, let them chose the story, maybe even a play a game as you search for it. Then they'll feel in control. If you're off to the library, build the trip up into a fun event. Arrange a playdate with a friend where they lend their favourite books to each other. Anything you can do, no matter how little to reinforce a love of books, is to be encouraged.

Make it a regular part of your day

Psychologists love their routines. There's stacks of research to show if you want to change behaviour you have to make a plan. Build reading into your family's routine, it doesn't matter when, bed-time, after tea, first thing in the morning. Whatever works for you as a family. Your child will love the one to one attention. If reading has already become a battleground due to enforced homework, and you're thinking, no they won't! Think creatively. Take it back to basics, what can you do to make it enjoyable again? If you need a sticker chart, or a promise of console time then do that. Practically any kind of reward is good, the best is a promise of more time with you. (but please don't use food, that could set them up with a lifetime of trouble).

Any reading is great

No matter what your child chooses to read, encourage them. Graphic novel and comics are still reading. My Mum was told off by her teacher friends for taking out a subscriptions to a comics for my brother and I. Even as I child I wondered what their problem was? I was choosing to read wasn't I? Not watch telly? A child's choice to read, now has to compete against the megaliths of Playstation, Nintendo and Microsoft. Who cares if there's a lot of pictures with the text?

Use technology

Use social media for inspiration or ideas. Publishers make a splash when new books are released, and deliberately try to generate excitement. Let their marketing do your work for you. 

Sign up to newsletters and read blogs like this one!

Remember not all screen use is anti-reading. Some games use a lot of text and can be a sly way to get them reading independently everyday.
If your child has a tablet, get them to download books they'd be interested in reading to it. Some children much prefer reading from a screen.

Talk to your Librarian
Libraries in Britain have a whole data-base for children who are reluctant to read or have a specific challenge like dyslexia. Who Knew? (I hope this is worldwide endeavour but I don't have first-hand knowledge of other's countries libraries). Ask for help and your child may discover a whole new world of stories that are easily accessible.

Share the joy
Never be afraid to enthuse about books to your kid. Tell them what you loved as a child. Or even better, read your favourites to them. Inspired by your passion, they may well love them too. If it's not their cup of tea, don't be despondent, they will remember your enthusiasm, and want to search for their own stories that fire their imagination.

Get down with the kids
Story-time doesn't need to be traditional - it can be downright silly if you want. Read in a treehouse, hanging upside down. Set a scene, if you're a Gruffalo in a woods, make those woods, get in the garden or create one in your house. Use silly voices whenever possible. Get right in character yourself. You can even use props. Ask your child to become a character, anything that makes it interactive. My favourite tip is to change the name of a character to your child's name. There's nothing like it to get their attention!

Never ever get cross with them
That is, in relation to reading. I don't live in a fantasy bubble land where parents never get cross with children in general. No matter how frustrated you are by their reluctance to read try not to show it. If children associate reading time with conflict it will make them even more reluctant and undo all your good work.

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Word Count Goals, MS WORD Version

Here’s a trick for writers who need a bit of word count motivation to keep them inspired.

In Microsoft Word, I like to display my current word count, the percentage of my final word count that I’ve completed, and how many words I have left to write. It stares at me from the header and 'inspires' me to keep going until I get that % total ticking over to a nice round number.

This is what mine looks like right now:

I am hoping to get that completed percentage up to 25% by the weekend, but that relies on me actually writing rather than playing with equations.

Here’s how you do it:

1. To display your word count:
Press CTRL-F9. Inside the little { } brackets, type NUMWORDS so it looks like this:
{NUMWORDS} 
Then press F9

2. For your words left to write:
Decide on your final word count. I aim for 80,000 words for YA. You can always adjust this later if your book decides it wants to be longer or shorter.
Press CTRL-F9 TWICE to get { { } }
Make it say:
{ =80000- {NUMWORDS} }
Then press F9 

3. For your percentage complete: Work out what 1 ÷ (your chosen word count) x 100 is. For 80000 words, the answer is 0.00125.
Press CTRL-F9 THREE TIMES. You should see this: { { { } } } 
Now modify the equation to make it look like this:
{ =ROUND ( { =0.00125* {NUMWORDS } } ,1 ) } (n.b. That's a bracket after ROUND and 1, not a weird C)

Then press F9

Those will give you the raw numbers, so add in whatever text you want before and after, and you’re done. Whenever you want to see how you're progressing, right click on the number and hit Update Field. If you want to adjust the equation (to change word count goal, for example), right click and hit Toggle Field Codes. Once you've finished, press F9 to close the equation again.

Now get back to writing, those word goals won’t reach themselves.

p.s. My Mac died but, should it prove resurrectable (is that a word?), I will modify the above instructions and update this post.

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Birnbeck Pier

Creepy abandoned buildings are one of my top sources of inspiration for new novels, so I thought I'd share one of my current favourites here.

At the entrance to Birnbeck Pier, a sign reads 'Death lies this way' which, if you ask me, sounds more like a challenge than a warning. Crumbling buildings, splintered wood, and tufts of grass sprouting from cracked concrete. It's everything I love in a setting, which is why my current work in progress is set on a derelict pier inspired by Birnbeck.

The only UK pier linking an island to the mainland, Birnbeck Pier started out as a Victorian theme park complete with water slides and steamship service. Closed in the 1970s, Birnbeck Pier is now an eerie wasteland. 

The image below is from a BBC article featuring some recent haunting images of the abandoned pier.

And this is a postcard from 1907 showing the pier in its heyday. Check out those fairground rides in the background. I found this image on the Friends of the Old Pier Society website - a non-profit organisation working to save Birnbeck pier.

And here's some drone footage taken by Jon Avery, complete with sinister soundtrack.

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Tiny - The Invisible World of Microbes

Today's science for kids book recommendation is 'Tiny - The Invisible World of Microbes' by Nicola Davies and illustrated by Emily Sutton. The drawings are just lovely and illustrate the wonders of the microbial world perfectly. I've bought it for my 3 year old in the hope that one day in the distant future she'll find it on her bookshelf and fall in love with bacteria too.

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Hidden Universes

I grew up staring out at the stars through my parents’ antique telescopes; marvelling at the tiny pinpricks of twinkling light and how, on a clear night, the Milky Way streaked across the sky. There are more than 100 billion stars in our galaxy, and more than 1,000 billion galaxies in the universe. How many of them, I used to ask myself, contained planets that were home to life like our own sphere of rock and ocean? It was always the potential for life that fascinated me, be it aliens with copper in their blood and sulphurous breath, or plants with red leaves and a taste for nickel. It felt like us humans were just a small part of something infinite in its vastness and, when I thought about it too hard, I became a lone comet tumbling through 46 billion light years of unknowable space.

When I grew tired of feeling small, I played with my parents’ brass microscopes, with their chipped lenses and seized knobs. At first it was leaves and hair and globules of pond water dripped directly onto the mirrors. I never saw very much but the hidden microscopic world fascinated me as much as looking out at the stars. I must have been about ten when the concept of bacteria first took hold of me. I think it was via a book mentioning Anton Van Leeuwenhoek who, back in the 17th century, had fashioned himself a homemade microscope to look at what he described as ‘wee animalcules’ and ‘cavorting beasties’ in fresh water. Of his animalcules, Leeuwenhoek said ‘ten thousand of these living creatures could scarce equal the bulk of a coarse sand grain.’ My view of the universe we live in stretched a little further, much like it had the moment when I’d realised the stars could all be someone else’s sun.

I grew up to become a microbiologist and not an astronomer. From a distance, both fields looked similar to me. Both saw the universe through lenses and mirrors, only one was looking up and the other down. I wanted to see the smallest living creatures in the world because, if we don’t even understand the extremes of life on our own planet, how can we hope to comprehend the breadth of life to be found throughout the rest of existence. The microbial universe was as beautiful as the night sky, with the way Bacillus subtilis formed fractal-like patterns across an agar plate or the rainbow hues of cyanobacteria radiating from the edges of the Yellowstone hot springs. Even the pathogenic species could be wondrous in the way that, wherever you look, life has found a way and a home.

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Kathryn is an ex-research microbiologist-turned-science writer, YA author and parent of one mischievous three year old. She blogs here about the weird and wonderful world around us - from finding beauty and writing inspiration in unlikely places, to the representation of science in kids literature. And anything else that captures her imagination.

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